Skin cells typically regenerate every month or so. But sun exposure and aging can slow this process down. That’s where exfoliation comes in handy. A quick way of removing dead skin, it can do everything from brightening your complexion to fading acne scars.
There are two types of exfoliations that exist: physical and chemical. Chemical exfoliants consist of a range of different acids and has become increasingly popular in recent years.
Why Exfoliation Is Important
Our skin is protected by a dead top layer of skin that protects the living cells beneath it which acts like a protective barrier between the lower layers of skin and the environment. Without this important layer, your skin would be at a higher risk for all sorts of issues, from pollutant exposure to loss of water through the pores. This layer prevents water loss or absorption, and it keeps bacteria and toxins out.
Every few weeks, there is a process of cell turnover where old, dead skin cells shed to make room for healthy, fresh cells. Exfoliation can help to stimulate the cell turnover process so you can enjoy bright, youthful skin. It also helps to clear the pores from potential dead skin cell build-up that may contribute to breakouts.
Therefore, keeping a routine of exfoliation will help to contribute to a more radiant, and clearer complexion.
What Exactly Is A Chemical Exfoliant?
Chemical exfoliants are acids that get rid of dead skin cells. They come in various concentrations.
Weaker formulas can be bought over the counter, while stronger ones are usually applied by a dermatologist in the form of a chemical peel.
The way a chemical exfoliant work is by breaking the bonds that hold skin cells together, and when that happens the top layers of the skin shed, revealing regenerated skin.
How Do They Differ From Physical Exfoliants?
While acids chemically remove the outer layers of the skin, physical exfoliants do so manually.
Physical exfoliants can come in the form of scrubs or brushes but could be too harsh for people who have sensitive skin.
It also doesn’t penetrate as deeply as the chemical version and therefore may not be as effective.
How Many Variations Of Chemical Exfoliant Are There?
There are three main types of chemical exfoliant. All are acids, but some are gentler and less penetrative than others.
-Alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) – water soluble
-Beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) – oil soluble
-Poly hydroxy acids (PHAs) – water soluble with larger molecules, hence less irritating to the skin
How Do You Know Which Type To Use?
AHAs are often used to improve skin tone and mild areas of discoloration.
BHAs, on the other hand, are ideal for oily or acne-prone skin due to their pore-unclogging properties.
If you have highly sensitive skin, a less intrusive PHA exfoliant may be the route to go.
Here are some recommended chemical exfoliants to start with:
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